Panic Attacks

Panic attacks are sudden episodes of intense fear with physical symptoms like a racing heart and shortness of breath. Treatment includes psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and medications like antidepressants (SSRIs) or anti-anxiety drugs, often used together. 

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What are panic attacks?

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• Sudden, intense episodes of fear that cause a strong physical reaction. 

• Symptoms include a racing heart, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, and a feeling of losing control. 

• Attacks can feel like a heart attack and are frightening, but are not physically harmful. 

• They can be triggered by stress, overbreathing, or physical changes. 

• If they happen frequently, it can lead to panic disorder. 

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Treatment for panic attacks

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• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a common and effective treatment

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• Psychotherapy:​

  • It helps you understand your panic attacks and learn to cope with the physical sensations, often by safely re-creating symptoms to show they aren't dangerous. 

  • It can help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks and help overcome the fear of situations you've been avoiding. ​ 

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• Medication:

  • Antidepressants: SSRIs (like sertraline) are often a first choice to prevent future attacks. 

  • Anti-anxiety medications: Benzodiazepines can be used as an emergency treatment to suppress acute panic attacks. 

  • Beta-blockers: These can help manage physical symptoms like a fast heart rate and high blood pressure. 

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• Other techniques:

  • Relaxation and stress management: Techniques like muscle relaxation can help regain control and improve your quality of life. 

  • Professional help: If panic attacks are interfering with your daily life, seeking professional help is the best way to manage them. 

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